What form of restraints may EMTs apply to patients?

• A. Metal chains
• B. No restraints
• C. Soft restraints only
• D. Full body restraints

Answer: (C)

Restraints in EMS are used when a patient poses a danger to themselves or others, and the form EMTs may apply is soft restraints. These are lightweight, non-metal straps (like cloth or Velcro) that limit movement of the arms or legs while staying quick to release and adjustable. They minimize risk to the airway, breathing, and circulation and can be monitored and adjusted as needed.

Metal chains or rigid, full-body restraints carry higher risk of injury and can impair chest expansion and breathing, so they are not appropriate for EMT use. In some situations, if the patient is cooperative and not a danger, no restraints may be needed, but when restraint is necessary, soft restraints are the appropriate option.